Drawing on diverse sources, this book offers a view of ancient Rome as seen by its people that reveals the lasting legacy of its ordinary men and women.

The Romans loom large in the imagination, credited with roads, aqueducts, politics, plumbing, and empire—yet these familiar achievements tell only part of the story. The Romans: A People’s History turns away from generals and emperors to focus instead on the millions of ordinary men and women whose voices rarely made it into history. Drawing on inscriptions, literature, household objects, mosaics, and myth, it reveals how plebian lives shaped the culture that still surrounds us: from food and labor to beliefs, entertainment, violence, and political resistance. Not shying away from contentious subjects—misogyny, slavery, racism, and the enjoyment of brutal spectacle—Paul Chrystal offers a rich, human-centered account of Roman civilization seen from the ground up, suggesting that what ordinary Romans endured and achieved still echoes in how we live, argue, and govern today.